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)
Figure 3
Cette anguillule provoque des dégâts importants dans les cultures de chrysanthèmes. L’adulte filiforme mesure 1 mm de longueur. Aphelenchoïdes ritzemabosi hiverne dans le sol, et dans les feuilles mortes. La pénétration s’effectue par les stomates à la face inférieure du limbe. Une fois à l’intérieur, il se nourrit en piquant les tissus à l’aide de son stylet. Extérieurement sa présence se manifeste par l’apparition de taches grisâtre ou jaunâtre. Les feuilles se dessèchent, puis se recroquevillent tout en restant attachées aux tiges. Le bourgeon terminal peut être détruit. On compte 5 à 10 générations par an.
Les taches polygonales traduisant la présence de ce nématode foliaire dans le limbe sont très caractéristiques (figures 1 à 3) et sont à l'origine du nom de cette affection "maladie des taches foliaires en damier». Elles apparaissent d'abord sur les feuilles basses. Leur couleur est d'abord jaunâtre à vert clair puis évolue vers le brun sombre et, parfois même, vers le noir. Ces taches sont toujours délimitées par les nervures, ce qui est à l'origine de leur aspect polygonal. Cette maladie vermiculaire, due à Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi (figure 4) et affectant plutôt le chrysanthème, est assez peu fréquente en France. Elle a surtout été signalée dans le Sud-Ouest, et plus particulièrement dans le département des Pyrénées Atlantiques.
Des nématodes appartenant au genre Aphelenchoides sont signalés sur tabac dans plusieurs pays, ils n'ont jamais été décrits avec précision et on ne sait pas s'il s'agit de l'espèce Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi, excepté au Japon, où cette dernière espèce ne provoque des dégâts que très ponctuellement.
Pour d'autres informations concernant ce pathogène, nous vous invitons à consulter la fiche Aphelanchoides ritzemabosi décrivant cette espèce.